Desensitization involves...

• A. Presenting low levels of an emotion-eliciting stimulus and gradually increasing to full-blown stimulus.
• B. Using high-level stimulus only.
• C. Avoiding exposure entirely.
• D. Punishing the dog for reactions.

Answer: (A)

Desensitization is a gradual exposure process to reduce fear or arousal. It starts with the stimulus at a very low intensity and slowly increases the level as the dog stays calm or shows tolerance, allowing learning to occur without overwhelming the dog. This approach is often paired with positive reinforcement so the dog forms a positive association with the stimulus at each step. Jumping straight to a high level of exposure tends to trigger strong fear or avoidance and hinders progress. Avoiding exposure entirely means the dog never learns to cope with the stimulus, leaving fear unresolved. Punishing the dog for reactions can heighten anxiety and push the dog toward avoidance rather than building tolerance.